About Me

Hello! I'm Donghui.

I am a Postdoctoral Research Associate at Princeton University working with Dr. Gabriele Villarini at Princeton University. I earned my Ph.D. from the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (2024) under the advisement of Dr. Ximing Cai.

My work advances large-scale hydrological and water resources modeling, with a specific focus on understanding and predicting hydrological extremes. I leverage machine learning, physically based modeling, and high-performance computing to transform complex human-water processes into decision-relevant insights.

I am currently exploring the usage of Agentic LLMs to close the "last mile" of risk communication. By combining state-of-the-art hydrological and hydraulic simulation outputs with generative AI, I aim to transform data-heavy model outputs into the actionable insights needed for real-world resilience.

When I'm not in research mode, you'll find me vibing to grunge.

[Download Full CV (PDF)]

Donghui Li

Education

Ph.D. University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Civil and Environmental Engineering
  with Graduate Minor in Statistics
2024
M.Sc. University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Civil and Environmental Engineering 2020
B.E. Tsinghua University Hydraulic Engineering 2018

Selected Projects

Water Management Modeling for Large-scale Hydrological Modeling

This research includes a suite of machine learning models I developed and co-developed to establish empirical reservoir operation rules, which aims to better represent human water management in large-scale hydrological and water resources modeling frameworks. Better simulation of the important human dimension will significantly enhance the accuracy of streamflow simulations in managed river basins.

Technical Details & Publications

The foundational model is Generic Data-driven Reservoir Operation Model (GDROM), which is a coupled Hidden Markov Model and Decision Tree framework to extract reservoir operation rules from historical data. GDROM is designed to be generic and interpretable. Applying the GDROM to 400+ major reservoirs across CONUS, we identified real-world operation patterns across regions and reservoir types, which provides a critical step toward generalizing data-extracted empirical operation rules to data-scarce reservoirs. This series of work is published in Advances in Water Resources (2022) and Water Resources Research (2024).

Based on GDROM and its revealed CONUS operation patterns, specifically the representative operation modules and their seasonal application and transition found in the WRR paper, I designed a practical and parsimonious approach to generalize data-extracted operation rules to data-scarce reservoirs. This work is published in Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems (2026).

Machine Learning Hidden Markov Model Decision Tree Reservoir Operation

Coupled Hydrological and Water Management Modeling and Analysis

Following the development of our data-driven reservoir operation models, my followed research focuses on their integration into large-scale hydrological and water resources modeling frameworks. I systematically coupled the reservoir models with large-scale hydrological frameworks, progressing from offline one-way benchmarking studies to a fully two-way coupled large-scale modeling system.

Technical Details & Publications

With GDROM in hand, I evaluated the performance gains achievable. In the one-way coupling study, I drove GDROM with National Water Model (NWM) retrospective streamflow simulations across the CONUS, replacing the NWM’s built-in reservoir rules at data-rich reservoirs. In other words, the hydrological component (NWM) and the reservoir operation component (GDROM) are run separately. The results demonstrated significant improvements in regulated streamflow simulation nationally, while also revealing an important modeling constraint: inaccurate reservoir inflow and storage simulation can offset the benefits of improved operation rules. This work is published in JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association (2025).

One-way coupling is a critical first step, but the ultimate goal is to achieve a fully two-way coupled modeling system, where the hydrological and reservoir operation components interact with each other at each time step. Our first two-way coupling is led by my colleague A. Vora, coupling GDROM with a conceptual hydrological model at lumped watershed scale. This work is published in Water Resources Research (2024).

Extending the two-way coupling to finer resolution, I am currently implementing the model coupling with Princeton's GPU-accelerated rainfall-runoff-routing model, Tiger-HLM, at the hydrography90m ultra-high-resolution river network. This work is ongoing, and stay tuned for the code and results!

Machine Learning Hydrological Modeling Coupled Modeling

Large-scale Flood Inundation Mapping

Leveraging the capabilities of advanced hydrological and hydrodynamic models, specifically Tiger-HLM (Princeton) and TRITON (Oak Ridge National Laboratory), I co-developed with A. Michalek a unified modeling framework for large-scale flood inundation mapping. This framework was validated across two river basins in the Eastern United States, providing a scalable solution for high-resolution flood hazard assessment.

Technical Details & Publications

The hydrological component of the framework is driven by Tiger-HLM, which operates on ultra-high-resolution hillslopes (catchments) and river reaches provided by the hydrography90m dataset. The hydrodynamic component is driven by TRITON, which solves 2D shallow water equations and captures fluvial, pluvial, and coastal inundation simultaneously. Both Tiger-HLM and TRITON are accelerated by GPU. The manuscript describing Tiger-HLM-TRITON coupling and its application for flood inundation mapping is currently in preparation.

Flood Inundation Mapping Hydrological & Hydrodynamic Modeling GPU

Teaching Experience

Lecturer @ Princeton
2025 SP ENV 423 Hydroclimatology
Facilitator @ Princeton
2025 WT Wintersession SWAT Workshop
Graduate Teaching Assistant @ University of Illinois
2024 SP CEE Curiculum Computing Teaching Support
2023 FA CEE 434 Environmental System Analysis
2022 FA CEE 434 Environmental System Analysis
2021 FA CEE 434 Environmental System Analysis

Certifications & Training

Software Engineering Summer School 2025.06
Princeton University, and the Research Software Engineering Group
Princeton Open Hackathon (NVIDIA) 2025.06
NVIDIA, OpenACC Organization and Princeton University
Parallel Programming & GPU Bootcamp 2024.10
Princeton Institute for Computational Science and Engineering (PICSciE) and Research Computing

Technical Expertise

Programming
Python R C++ Fortran JavaScript SQL
High-Performance Computing (HPC)
UNIX/Linux Bash MP/MPI Princeton Clusters Illinois HAL Cluster
Hydrologic & Hydraulic
VIC WRF-Hydro SWAT TRITON Tiger-HLM